/* ============================================================
   UMBC Pre-Law Review — Main Stylesheet
   ============================================================ */

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

:root {
  --gold:      #fdb515;
  --gold-dk:   #d99a00;
  --black:     #111111;
  --charcoal:  #1c1c1c;
  --ink:       #1a1a1a;
  --red:       #C8102E;
  --white:     #ffffff;
  --off-white: #f8f5ef;
  --fog:       #f2efe8;
  --muted:     #666666;
  --border:    #e0d9ce;
}

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body { font-family: 'EB Garamond', Georgia, serif; background: var(--white); color: var(--ink); line-height: 1.6; }

/* ── UTILITY BAR ── */
.utility-bar { background: #faf8f4; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); color: #888; font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: .45rem 2rem; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; }
.utility-bar a { color: #888; text-decoration: none; }
.utility-bar a:hover { color: var(--gold-dk); }
.utility-bar .sep { margin: 0 .8rem; opacity: .4; }

/* ── MASTHEAD ── */
.masthead { background: #fff; padding: 1.6rem 2rem 1.4rem; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; border-bottom: 3px solid var(--gold); }
.masthead-brand { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1.4rem; text-decoration: none; }
.masthead-logo { width: 80px; height: 80px; border-radius: 50%; object-fit: cover; border: 2px solid var(--gold); }
.masthead-text .pre { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: .15rem; }
.masthead-text h1 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 900; color: var(--black); line-height: 1.1; letter-spacing: -.01em; }
.masthead-text h1 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--gold); }
.masthead-actions { display: flex; gap: .75rem; align-items: center; }

/* ── BUTTONS ── */
.btn { display: inline-block; padding: .55rem 1.3rem; font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .78rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 2px; cursor: pointer; transition: background .2s, color .2s, border-color .2s; border: none; }
.btn-gold { background: var(--gold); color: var(--black); }
.btn-gold:hover { background: var(--gold-dk); color: var(--black); }
.btn-outline { background: transparent; color: var(--black); border: 1.5px solid rgba(0,0,0,.25); }
.btn-outline:hover { border-color: var(--gold-dk); color: var(--gold-dk); }
.btn-black { background: var(--black); color: var(--white); }
.btn-black:hover { background: var(--charcoal); color: var(--white); }
.btn-red { background: var(--red); color: var(--white); }
.btn-red:hover { background: #a80d25; color: var(--white); }
.btn-sm { padding: .35rem .9rem; font-size: .72rem; }
.btn:disabled, button:disabled { opacity: .5; cursor: not-allowed; }

/* ── PRIMARY NAV ── */
nav.primary { background: var(--charcoal); border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(253,181,21,.2); position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 100; }
nav.primary ul { list-style: none; display: flex; align-items: center; max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 2rem; }
nav.primary ul li a { display: block; padding: .85rem 1.1rem; font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .78rem; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .07em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #ccc; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 3px solid transparent; transition: color .2s, border-color .2s; }
nav.primary ul li a:hover,
nav.primary ul li a.current-menu-item,
nav.primary ul li a.active { color: var(--gold); border-bottom-color: var(--gold); }
nav.primary ul li.spacer { flex: 1; }
.nav-search { background: none; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2); color: var(--white); padding: .4rem .85rem; font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .78rem; border-radius: 2px; outline: none; width: 180px; }
.nav-search::placeholder { color: rgba(255,255,255,.35); }
.nav-search:focus { border-color: var(--gold); }

/* ── MOBILE NAV ── */
.nav-toggle { display: none; background: none; border: none; cursor: pointer; padding: 0; color: #ccc; line-height: 0; }
.nav-toggle:hover, .nav-toggle:focus { color: var(--gold); outline: none; }
.nav-toggle .bar { display: block; width: 22px; height: 2px; background: currentColor; margin: 5px 0; transition: transform .25s, opacity .25s; }
nav.primary.nav-open .nav-toggle .bar:nth-child(1) { transform: translateY(7px) rotate(45deg); }
nav.primary.nav-open .nav-toggle .bar:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
nav.primary.nav-open .nav-toggle .bar:nth-child(3) { transform: translateY(-7px) rotate(-45deg); }

/* ── PAGE HERO (inner pages) ── */
.page-hero { background: var(--off-white); padding: 4rem 2rem 3.5rem; text-align: center; border-bottom: 3px solid var(--gold); }
.page-hero .eyebrow { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .7rem; letter-spacing: .22em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-dk); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: .8rem; margin-bottom: 1.2rem; }
.page-hero .eyebrow::before, .page-hero .eyebrow::after { content: ''; width: 32px; height: 1px; background: var(--gold-dk); opacity: .6; }
.page-hero h1 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 3rem; font-weight: 900; color: var(--black); line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: .8rem; }
.page-hero h1 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--gold-dk); }
.page-hero p { font-size: 1.05rem; color: #666; max-width: 560px; margin: 0 auto; line-height: 1.7; }

/* ── HOMEPAGE HERO ── */
.hero { background: var(--off-white); padding: 0; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 420px; min-height: 560px; }
.hero-main { padding: 3.5rem 3rem 3.5rem 4rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; border-right: 1px solid rgba(253,181,21,.2); }
.hero-eyebrow { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: 1.2rem; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .75rem; }
.hero-eyebrow::before { content: ''; width: 32px; height: 2px; background: var(--gold); }
.hero-tag { display: inline-block; background: var(--red); color: var(--white); font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .65rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: .2rem .6rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.hero-title { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 3rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--black); line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 1.2rem; max-width: 640px; }
.hero-title em { font-style: italic; color: var(--gold-dk); }
.hero-excerpt { font-size: 1.05rem; color: #555; max-width: 560px; margin-bottom: 2rem; line-height: 1.7; }
.hero-meta { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .75rem; color: #999; letter-spacing: .05em; margin-bottom: 1.8rem; }
.hero-meta span { color: #666; }
.hero-actions { display: flex; gap: .75rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.hero-sidebar { padding: 2.5rem 2rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0; }
.sidebar-heading { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold); padding-bottom: .75rem; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(253,181,21,.3); margin-bottom: 1.2rem; }
.sidebar-article { padding: 1rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); cursor: pointer; }
.sidebar-article:hover .sa-title { color: var(--gold); }
.sa-cat { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .65rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--red); margin-bottom: .3rem; }
.sa-title { font-family: 'EB Garamond', serif; font-size: 1rem; color: var(--black); line-height: 1.4; transition: color .2s; }
.sa-author { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: .3rem; }

/* ── CAROUSEL ── */
.carousel-wrapper { position: relative; width: 100%; height: 100%; }
.carousel-slide { position: absolute; inset: 0; opacity: 0; transition: opacity .7s ease; pointer-events: none; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; padding: 3.5rem 3rem 3.5rem 4rem; }
.carousel-slide.active { opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto; position: relative; }
.carousel-dots { display: flex; gap: .45rem; margin-top: 1.8rem; }
.carousel-dot { width: 8px; height: 8px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--border); border: none; cursor: pointer; padding: 0; transition: background .2s; }
.carousel-dot.active { background: var(--gold); }

/* ── GOLD STRIPE ── */
.gold-stripe { background: var(--gold); padding: .9rem 4rem; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; }
.gold-stripe p { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .8rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--black); letter-spacing: .04em; }
.gold-stripe .btn-black-stripe { background: var(--black); color: var(--gold); padding: .4rem 1.1rem; font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 2px; transition: background .2s; }
.gold-stripe .btn-black-stripe:hover { background: var(--charcoal); }

/* ── SECTIONS ── */
.section { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 4rem 2rem; }
.section-header { display: flex; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; margin-bottom: 2.5rem; padding-bottom: .75rem; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--gold); }
.section-title { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 700; }
.section-link { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .75rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--red); text-decoration: none; }
.section-link:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

/* ── ARTICLE GRID (homepage) ── */
.article-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr); gap: 2.5rem; }
.article-card { border-top: 3px solid var(--border); padding-top: 1.4rem; cursor: pointer; transition: border-color .2s; }
.article-card:hover { border-top-color: var(--gold); }
.article-card:hover .ac-title { color: var(--red); }
.ac-category { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-dk); margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.ac-title { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.35; color: var(--black); margin-bottom: .6rem; transition: color .2s; }
.ac-excerpt { font-size: .93rem; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.65; margin-bottom: .9rem; }
.ac-meta { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; color: #999; }
.ac-meta strong { color: var(--black); font-weight: 600; }

/* ── EDITOR'S SPOTLIGHT ── */
.featured-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 0; border: 1px solid var(--border); }
.featured-visual { background: var(--off-white); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 3rem; position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.featured-visual::before { content: ''; position: absolute; inset: 0; background: repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,rgba(253,181,21,.04) 0,rgba(253,181,21,.04) 1px,transparent 1px,transparent 20px); }
.featured-visual-inner { text-align: center; position: relative; z-index: 1; }
.featured-vol { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.featured-seal { width: 120px; height: 120px; border-radius: 50%; border: 3px solid var(--gold); margin: 0 auto 1.2rem; object-fit: cover; opacity: .9; }
.featured-issue-num { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 5rem; font-weight: 900; color: rgba(253,181,21,.15); line-height: 1; position: absolute; bottom: 1.5rem; right: 2rem; }
.featured-body { padding: 3rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; }
.featured-label { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--red); margin-bottom: .8rem; }
.featured-title { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.9rem; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.25; margin-bottom: 1rem; color: var(--black); }
.featured-excerpt { font-size: 1rem; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.featured-meta { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .75rem; color: #999; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.featured-meta strong { color: var(--black); }

/* ── ABOUT BAND ── */
.about-band { background: var(--off-white); border-top: 1px solid var(--border); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
.about-inner { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 4.5rem 2rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 5rem; align-items: center; }
.about-text h2 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2.2rem; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.about-text h2 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--red); }
.about-text .vol-line { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .8rem; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-dk); font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.about-text p { font-size: 1.05rem; line-height: 1.75; color: #444; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.about-text .actions { margin-top: 1.5rem; display: flex; gap: .75rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.about-stats { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 1.5rem; }
.stat-card { background: var(--white); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: 3px solid var(--gold); padding: 1.5rem; }
.stat-num { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2.6rem; font-weight: 900; color: var(--black); line-height: 1; margin-bottom: .3rem; }
.stat-num sup { font-size: 1.1rem; vertical-align: super; }
.stat-label { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .75rem; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .05em; color: var(--muted); }
.counter { display: inline-block; }

/* ── ISSUES GRID (homepage) ── */
.issues-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4,1fr); gap: 1.5rem; }
.issue-card { background: var(--black); padding: 2rem 1.5rem; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; transition: transform .2s; position: relative; overflow: hidden; text-decoration: none; display: block; }
.issue-card:hover { transform: translateY(-4px); }
.issue-card::after { content: ''; position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; height: 3px; background: var(--gold); }
.issue-vol { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .65rem; letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: .6rem; }
.issue-num { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 3.5rem; font-weight: 900; color: var(--white); line-height: 1; opacity: .9; margin-bottom: .4rem; }
.issue-season { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,.45); letter-spacing: .06em; }
.issue-count { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .7rem; color: rgba(253,181,21,.7); margin-top: .8rem; }

/* ── CTA BAND ── */
.cta-band { background: var(--off-white); border-top: 1px solid var(--border); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); padding: 5rem 2rem; text-align: center; }
.cta-band .eyebrow { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-dk); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.cta-band h2 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2.8rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--black); line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 1.2rem; max-width: 680px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }
.cta-band h2 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--gold-dk); }
.cta-band p { font-size: 1.05rem; color: #666; max-width: 560px; margin: 0 auto 2rem; line-height: 1.7; }
.cta-actions { display: flex; gap: 1rem; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.guidelines-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr); gap: 1.5rem; max-width: 900px; margin: 3rem auto 0; }
.guide-item { background: var(--white); border: 1px solid var(--border); padding: 1.5rem; }
.guide-num { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 900; color: var(--gold-dk); opacity: .6; line-height: 1; margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.guide-title { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .8rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--black); margin-bottom: .4rem; }
.guide-desc { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .78rem; color: #666; line-height: 1.6; }

/* ── HOMEPAGE EDITORIAL BOARD ── */
.hp-board-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 1.5rem; }
.board-card { padding: 1.5rem; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-left: 4px solid var(--gold); }
.bc-role { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-dk); margin-bottom: .4rem; }
.bc-name { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--black); margin-bottom: .2rem; }
.bc-info { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .75rem; color: var(--muted); }

/* ── SCHOLARSHIP PAGE ── */
.filter-bar { background: var(--off-white); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); padding: 1rem 2rem; }
.filter-inner { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .6rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.filter-label { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); margin-right: .4rem; }
.filter-btn { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: .32rem .9rem; border: 1.5px solid var(--border); background: var(--white); color: var(--muted); border-radius: 2px; cursor: pointer; transition: all .2s; text-decoration: none; display: inline-block; }
.filter-btn:hover { border-color: var(--gold); color: var(--ink); }
.filter-btn.active { background: var(--gold); color: var(--black); border-color: var(--gold); }
.articles-section { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 3.5rem 2rem; }
.articles-meta { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .78rem; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.articles-meta strong { color: var(--ink); }
.articles-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr); gap: 2rem; }
.article-card-sch { border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: 3px solid var(--border); padding: 1.6rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .5rem; transition: border-top-color .2s; }
.article-card-sch:hover { border-top-color: var(--gold); }
.ac-category-tag { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .65rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--white); background: var(--charcoal); display: inline-block; padding: .18rem .6rem; border-radius: 2px; width: fit-content; }
.ac-category-tag.cat-constitutional { background: #1a3a5c; }
.ac-category-tag.cat-criminal      { background: #4a1c1c; }
.ac-category-tag.cat-administrative{ background: #1a3a2a; }
.ac-category-tag.cat-civil         { background: #3a1a4a; }
.ac-category-tag.cat-ip            { background: #2a3a1a; }
.ac-category-tag.cat-international { background: #1a2a4a; }
.ac-category-tag.cat-corporate     { background: #3a2a1a; }
.ac-author { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .78rem; color: var(--ink); }
.ac-citation { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; color: var(--muted); }
.ac-abstract { font-size: .95rem; color: #444; line-height: 1.65; }
.ac-actions { display: flex; gap: .5rem; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: .5rem; }
.empty-state { border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: 3px solid var(--gold); padding: 4rem 2rem; text-align: center; background: var(--off-white); }
.empty-state h3 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: .6rem; }
.empty-state p { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .88rem; color: var(--muted); max-width: 440px; margin: 0 auto 1.5rem; line-height: 1.7; }
.pagination { display: flex; gap: .45rem; justify-content: center; margin-top: 3rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.page-numbers { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .76rem; font-weight: 600; padding: .45rem .85rem; border: 1.5px solid var(--border); background: var(--white); color: var(--ink); border-radius: 2px; text-decoration: none; transition: border-color .2s, background .2s, color .2s; }
.page-numbers:hover { border-color: var(--gold); color: var(--gold-dk); }
.page-numbers.current { background: var(--gold); border-color: var(--gold); color: var(--black); }

/* ── ABOUT PAGE ── */
.mission-hero { background: #f8f5ef; padding: 6rem 2rem 5rem; text-align: center; position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.mission-hero::before { content: ''; position: absolute; inset: 0; background: repeating-linear-gradient(-55deg,rgba(253,181,21,.03) 0px,rgba(253,181,21,.03) 1px,transparent 1px,transparent 28px); pointer-events: none; }
.mission-hero::after { content: '\201C'; position: absolute; top: -1rem; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 22rem; font-weight: 900; line-height: 1; color: rgba(253,181,21,.04); pointer-events: none; user-select: none; }
.mission-hero .inner { position: relative; z-index: 1; max-width: 860px; margin: 0 auto; }
.mission-hero .hero-eyebrow { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .7rem; letter-spacing: .22em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold); display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: .8rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.mission-hero .hero-eyebrow::before, .mission-hero .hero-eyebrow::after { content: ''; width: 36px; height: 1px; background: var(--gold); opacity: .6; }
.mission-hero h1 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 3.8rem; font-weight: 900; color: var(--black); line-height: 1.12; letter-spacing: -.015em; margin-bottom: 1.6rem; }
.mission-hero h1 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--gold-dk); }
.mission-tagline { font-size: 1.3rem; color: #555; line-height: 1.7; max-width: 680px; margin: 0 auto 2.5rem; border-left: 3px solid var(--gold); padding-left: 1.4rem; text-align: left; }
.mission-ctas { display: flex; gap: .9rem; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.gold-rule { height: 4px; background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--black), var(--gold) 30%, var(--gold) 70%, var(--black)); }
.pillars-section { background: var(--off-white); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
.pillars-inner { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 5rem 2rem; }
.section-label { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-dk); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.pillars-header { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 4rem; align-items: end; margin-bottom: 3.5rem; padding-bottom: 2rem; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--gold); }
.pillars-header h2 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2.6rem; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.18; }
.pillars-header h2 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--red); }
.pillars-header p { font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.75; }
.pillars-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr); gap: 2rem; }
.pillar { background: var(--white); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: 4px solid var(--gold); padding: 2rem 1.8rem; }
.pillar-icon { width: 44px; height: 44px; min-width: 44px; min-height: 44px; background: var(--black); border-radius: 50%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 1.2rem; overflow: hidden; }
.pillar-icon svg { width: 20px !important; height: 20px !important; max-width: 20px; max-height: 20px; fill: var(--gold); flex-shrink: 0; }
.pillar h3 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: .6rem; }
.pillar p { font-size: .95rem; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.7; }
.board-section { background: var(--white); }
.board-inner { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 5.5rem 2rem; }
.board-heading-row { display: flex; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--gold); padding-bottom: .85rem; margin-bottom: 3.5rem; }
.board-heading-row h2 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 700; }
.board-heading-row span { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; color: var(--muted); letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.eic-card { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 340px 1fr; gap: 0; border: 1px solid var(--border); margin-bottom: 3rem; overflow: hidden; }
.eic-photo-wrap { position: relative; overflow: hidden; background: var(--fog); }
.eic-photo-wrap img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: center top; display: block; min-height: 420px; }
.eic-photo-label { position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; background: var(--gold); padding: .45rem 1.2rem; font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--black); }
.eic-body { padding: 3rem 3rem 2.5rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; background: var(--white); }
.eic-role { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-dk); margin-bottom: .6rem; }
.eic-name { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2.4rem; font-weight: 900; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: .25rem; }
.eic-major { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .8rem; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 1.6rem; letter-spacing: .03em; }
.eic-major strong { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.eic-bio { font-size: 1.08rem; line-height: 1.8; color: #444; border-left: 3px solid var(--gold); padding-left: 1.2rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.eic-focus-tags { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .5rem; }
.focus-tag { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; padding: .28rem .75rem; border-radius: 2px; background: var(--fog); color: var(--ink); border: 1px solid var(--border); }
.focus-tag.gold { background: var(--gold); color: var(--black); border-color: var(--gold); }
.board-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 2px; background: var(--border); border: 1px solid var(--border); margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.member-card { background: var(--white); display: grid; grid-template-columns: 160px 1fr; gap: 0; overflow: hidden; cursor: default; transition: background .2s; }
.member-card:hover { background: var(--fog); }
.member-photo-wrap { overflow: hidden; background: var(--fog); position: relative; }
.member-photo-wrap img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: center top; display: block; min-height: 220px; transition: transform .4s ease; }
.member-card:hover .member-photo-wrap img { transform: scale(1.03); }
.member-body { padding: 1.6rem 1.8rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; }
.member-role { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .64rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .16em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-dk); margin-bottom: .35rem; }
.member-name { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.25rem; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: .2rem; color: var(--ink); }
.member-major { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .73rem; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.member-bio { font-size: .93rem; line-height: 1.7; color: #555; }
.member-interests { margin-top: .9rem; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .4rem; }
.interest-chip { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .64rem; font-weight: 500; padding: .2rem .6rem; background: var(--fog); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 2px; color: var(--muted); }
.mission-quote { background: var(--black); padding: 4.5rem 2rem; text-align: center; }
.mission-quote blockquote { max-width: 760px; margin: 0 auto; font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 700; font-style: italic; color: var(--white); line-height: 1.45; }
.mission-quote blockquote em { color: var(--gold); font-style: normal; }
.mission-quote cite { display: block; margin-top: 1.5rem; font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .76rem; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: rgba(255,255,255,.45); }
.mission-quote cite strong { color: var(--gold); }
.join-cta { background: var(--fog); border-top: 1px solid var(--border); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); padding: 5rem 2rem; text-align: center; }
.join-cta .label { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-dk); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.join-cta h2 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2.4rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.join-cta h2 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--red); }
.join-cta p { font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--muted); max-width: 560px; margin: 0 auto 2.2rem; line-height: 1.75; }
.join-cta-actions { display: flex; gap: .9rem; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.btn-border { background: transparent; color: var(--ink); border: 1.5px solid var(--border); }
.btn-border:hover { border-color: var(--ink); }

/* ── SUBMISSIONS PAGE ── */
.announce-banner { background: var(--gold); color: var(--black); padding: .65rem 2rem; text-align: center; font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .8rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .04em; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gold-dk); }
.announce-banner span { opacity: .7; margin: 0 .6rem; }
.submissions-layout { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 4rem 2rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 360px; gap: 4rem; align-items: start; }
.form-panel h2 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.8rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: .4rem; }
.form-panel .subtitle { font-size: 1rem; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 2rem; line-height: 1.6; }
.form-group { margin-bottom: 1.4rem; }
.form-group label { display: block; font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .74rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink); margin-bottom: .45rem; }
.form-group label .req { color: var(--red); margin-left: .2rem; }
.form-control { width: 100%; padding: .7rem .9rem; font-family: 'EB Garamond', serif; font-size: 1rem; color: var(--ink); background: var(--white); border: 1.5px solid var(--border); border-radius: 2px; outline: none; transition: border-color .2s; }
.form-control:focus { border-color: var(--gold); }
textarea.form-control { resize: vertical; min-height: 110px; line-height: 1.6; }
select.form-control { appearance: none; background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='12' height='8' viewBox='0 0 12 8'%3E%3Cpath d='M1 1l5 5 5-5' stroke='%23666' stroke-width='1.5' fill='none' stroke-linecap='round'/%3E%3C/svg%3E"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: right .9rem center; padding-right: 2.5rem; cursor: pointer; }
.form-submit-row { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1rem; margin-top: 2rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.btn-submit { background: var(--gold); color: var(--black); font-size: .82rem; padding: .7rem 2rem; }
.btn-submit:hover { background: var(--gold-dk); }
.submit-note { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; color: var(--muted); }
.notice { padding: 1.2rem 1.5rem; border-radius: 2px; font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .85rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.notice-success { background: #f0faf5; border: 1px solid #b6e6c9; border-left: 4px solid #1a6b3a; color: #1a3a2a; }
.notice-error { background: #fff5f5; border: 1px solid #fcc; border-left: 4px solid var(--red); color: #7a1a1a; }
.sidebar { position: sticky; top: 5.5rem; }
.sidebar-card { border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: 3px solid var(--gold); padding: 1.8rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; background: var(--off-white); }
.sidebar-card h3 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 1rem; padding-bottom: .6rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
.guideline-list { list-style: none; }
.guideline-list li { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .8rem; color: #444; padding: .5rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); display: flex; gap: .6rem; line-height: 1.5; }
.guideline-list li:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.guideline-list li::before { content: '—'; color: var(--gold-dk); flex-shrink: 0; font-weight: 700; }
.deadline-card { background: var(--black); color: var(--white); border: none; }
.deadline-card h3 { color: var(--white); border-bottom-color: rgba(253,181,21,.3); }
.deadline-card p { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .82rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,.65); line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: .8rem; }
.deadline-card .deadline-date { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: .3rem; }
.deadline-card .deadline-label { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: rgba(255,255,255,.4); }

/* ── CONTACT PAGE ── */
.contact-layout { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 4rem 2rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 340px; gap: 4rem; align-items: start; }
.contact-info-card { border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: 3px solid var(--gold); padding: 2rem; background: var(--off-white); margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.contact-info-card h3 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.contact-item { display: flex; gap: 1rem; align-items: flex-start; margin-bottom: 1.2rem; font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .82rem; color: #444; line-height: 1.6; }
.contact-item a { color: var(--gold-dk); text-decoration: none; }
.contact-item a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

/* ── ISSUES PAGE ── */
.issues-section { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 4rem 2rem; }
.issues-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(280px, 1fr)); gap: 1.5rem; }
.issue-block { border: 1px solid var(--border); overflow: hidden; }
.issue-block-header { background: var(--black); padding: 2rem; text-align: center; position: relative; }
.issue-block-header::after { content: ''; position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; height: 3px; background: var(--gold); }
.issue-block-vol { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .65rem; letter-spacing: .2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.issue-block-num { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 4rem; font-weight: 900; color: var(--white); line-height: 1; }
.issue-block-season { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,.4); margin-top: .4rem; }
.issue-block-body { padding: 1.5rem; }
.issue-block-body h3 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.1rem; margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.issue-block-body p { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .8rem; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 1rem; line-height: 1.6; }
.issue-block-link { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .75rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--red); text-decoration: none; letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.issue-block-link:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.coming-soon-block { border: 2px dashed var(--border); padding: 3rem 2rem; text-align: center; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }
.coming-soon-block h2 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: .6rem; }
.coming-soon-block p { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .85rem; color: var(--muted); max-width: 360px; line-height: 1.7; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }

/* ── SINGLE ARTICLE ── */
.article-header { background: var(--black); padding: 4rem 2rem 3.5rem; border-bottom: 3px solid var(--gold); }
.article-header-inner { max-width: 840px; margin: 0 auto; }
.article-eyebrow { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.article-header h1 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2.8rem; font-weight: 900; color: var(--white); line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 1.2rem; }
.article-byline { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .8rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,.6); }
.article-byline strong { color: var(--gold); }
.article-body { max-width: 840px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 4rem 2rem; }
.article-abstract { background: var(--off-white); border-left: 4px solid var(--gold); padding: 1.5rem 2rem; margin-bottom: 2.5rem; font-size: 1rem; color: #444; line-height: 1.8; }
.article-abstract strong { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .12em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-dk); display: block; margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.article-pdf-bar { background: var(--off-white); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: 3px solid var(--gold); padding: 1.5rem 2rem; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.article-pdf-bar p { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .82rem; color: var(--muted); }
.article-content { font-size: 1.1rem; line-height: 1.85; color: var(--ink); }
.article-content p { margin-bottom: 1.4rem; }
.article-content h2 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 700; margin: 2.5rem 0 1rem; }
.article-content h3 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.3rem; font-weight: 700; margin: 2rem 0 .8rem; }

/* ── FOOTER ── */
footer { background: var(--charcoal); border-top: 3px solid var(--gold); }
.footer-main { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 3.5rem 2rem 2rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 3rem; }
.footer-brand .masthead-logo { width: 60px; height: 60px; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.footer-brand h3 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--white); margin-bottom: .2rem; }
.footer-brand h3 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--gold); }
.footer-brand p { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .78rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,.45); line-height: 1.6; margin-top: .75rem; max-width: 260px; }
.footer-col h4 { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .16em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: 1rem; padding-bottom: .5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(253,181,21,.25); }
.footer-col ul { list-style: none; }
.footer-col ul li { margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.footer-col ul li a { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .8rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,.55); text-decoration: none; transition: color .2s; }
.footer-col ul li a:hover { color: var(--gold); }
.footer-bottom { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 1.2rem 2rem; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08); display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; }
.footer-bottom p { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,.3); }
.footer-bottom a { color: var(--gold); text-decoration: none; }

/* ── PAGE-BODY (CONTACT) ── */
.page-body { max-width: 1100px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 4rem 2rem 5rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4rem; }
.form-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 1.2rem; }
.form-grid .full { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
.form-actions { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1rem; margin-top: .6rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.form-note { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; color: var(--muted); }

/* ── SUBMISSION INQUIRIES (CONTACT) ── */
.inquiries-box { background: var(--off-white); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-left: 4px solid var(--gold); padding: 2rem 2.2rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; gap: 1.5rem; align-items: center; }
.inquiries-box .iq-text h3 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.2rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: .4rem; }
.inquiries-box .iq-text p { font-size: .98rem; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.7; }
.inquiries-box .iq-text p a { color: var(--gold-dk); text-decoration: none; font-weight: 600; }
.inquiries-box .iq-text p a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

/* ── SOCIAL / CONNECT (CONTACT) ── */
.connect-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 1.5rem; }
.social-card { border: 1px solid var(--border); padding: 2rem 1.8rem; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); transition: border-color .25s, transform .2s, box-shadow .2s; cursor: pointer; }
.social-card:hover { border-color: var(--gold); transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.07); }
.social-icon-wrap { width: 56px; height: 56px; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 1rem; transition: background .2s; }
.social-card:hover .social-icon-wrap { background: var(--gold) !important; }
.social-card:hover .social-icon-wrap svg { fill: var(--black) !important; stroke: var(--black) !important; }
.social-card .sc-name { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.05rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: .2rem; }
.social-card .sc-handle { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .75rem; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: .6rem; }
.social-card .sc-desc { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .76rem; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.5; }
.ig-bg { background: radial-gradient(circle at 30% 107%, #fdf497 0%, #fdf497 5%, #fd5949 45%, #d6249f 60%, #285aeb 90%); }
.em-bg { background: var(--black); }

/* ── ISSUES ARCHIVE (VOLUMES) ── */
.volume-block { margin-bottom: 4rem; }
.volume-header { display: flex; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--gold); padding-bottom: .75rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.volume-header h2 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 700; }
.volume-header span { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; color: var(--muted); letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.volume-block .issue-card { background: var(--white); border: 1px solid var(--border); padding: 0; text-align: left; cursor: auto; }
.volume-block .issue-card:hover { transform: none; }
.volume-block .issue-card::after { display: none; }
.issue-card-header { background: var(--black); padding: 1.4rem 1.6rem 1.2rem; display: flex; align-items: flex-end; justify-content: space-between; border-bottom: 3px solid var(--gold); }
.issue-card-header .vol-label { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .65rem; letter-spacing: .18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold); margin-bottom: .25rem; }
.issue-card-header .issue-num { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 2.6rem; font-weight: 900; color: var(--white); line-height: 1; }
.issue-card-header .issue-season { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,.45); letter-spacing: .06em; }
.issue-card-header .article-count { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .68rem; color: rgba(253,181,21,.7); text-align: right; }
.issue-article-list { padding: 1.2rem 1.6rem; background: var(--white); }
.issue-article-item { padding: .7rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--fog); display: flex; gap: .75rem; align-items: baseline; }
.issue-article-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.iai-cat { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .6rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--white); background: var(--charcoal); padding: .15rem .45rem; border-radius: 2px; white-space: nowrap; flex-shrink: 0; }
.iai-title { font-family: 'EB Garamond', serif; font-size: .95rem; line-height: 1.4; color: var(--ink); }
.iai-author { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .7rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: .15rem; }
.iai-pdf { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .65rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--gold-dk); text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; flex-shrink: 0; }
.iai-pdf:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.issue-footer { padding: .9rem 1.6rem; background: var(--fog); border-top: 1px solid var(--border); display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; }
.issue-footer a { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .07em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.issue-footer a:hover { color: var(--gold-dk); }
.empty-volumes { text-align: center; padding: 6rem 2rem; border: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: 3px solid var(--gold); background: var(--off-white); }
.empty-volumes .ev-num { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 5rem; font-weight: 900; color: rgba(253,181,21,.18); line-height: 1; margin-bottom: .5rem; }
.empty-volumes h2 { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: .6rem; }
.empty-volumes p { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .88rem; color: var(--muted); max-width: 420px; margin: 0 auto 1.8rem; line-height: 1.7; }

/* ── EDITOR'S NOTE ── */
.editors-note-layout { max-width: 1100px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 4rem 2rem 5rem; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 300px; gap: 4rem; align-items: start; }
.editors-note-meta { margin-bottom: 2rem; padding-bottom: 1.2rem; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--gold); }
.en-byline { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .78rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--ink); margin-bottom: .3rem; }
.en-issue { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .72rem; color: var(--muted); letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.editors-note-content { font-size: 1.08rem; line-height: 1.9; color: var(--ink); }
.editors-note-content p { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.editors-note-signature { margin-top: 3rem; padding-top: 2rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }
.en-sig-wrap { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 1.2rem; }
.en-sig-photo { width: 64px; height: 64px; border-radius: 50%; object-fit: cover; border: 2px solid var(--gold); }
.en-sig-name { font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif; font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 700; }
.en-sig-title { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .76rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: .2rem; }
.en-sig-year { font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif; font-size: .7rem; color: var(--gold-dk); margin-top: .15rem; letter-spacing: .05em; }

/* ── RESPONSIVE ── */
@media (max-width: 700px) {
  nav.primary { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: flex-end; flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .nav-toggle { display: block; padding: .85rem 1.2rem; }
  nav.primary ul { display: none; width: 100%; flex-direction: column; padding: .3rem 0 .8rem; margin: 0; max-width: 100%; border-top: 1px solid rgba(253,181,21,.2); }
  nav.primary.nav-open ul { display: flex; }
  nav.primary ul li.spacer { display: none; }
  nav.primary ul li a { padding: .7rem 1.3rem; border-bottom: none; border-left: 3px solid transparent; }
  nav.primary ul li a:hover, nav.primary ul li a.active, nav.primary ul li a.current-menu-item { border-left-color: var(--gold); border-bottom-color: transparent; }
  nav.primary ul li:last-child { padding: .3rem 1.3rem .8rem; }
  .nav-search { width: 100% !important; }
  .hero { min-height: 0; grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .hero-sidebar { display: none; }
  .hero-main, .carousel-slide { padding: 2.5rem 1.5rem; }
  .hero-title { font-size: 1.9rem; }
  .gold-stripe { flex-direction: column; gap: .5rem; text-align: center; padding: .9rem 1rem; }
  .page-hero h1 { font-size: 2rem; }
  .mission-hero h1 { font-size: 2.1rem; }
  .submissions-layout, .contact-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .editors-note-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .connect-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .inquiries-box { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .form-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .form-grid .full { grid-column: 1; }
  .sidebar { position: static; }
  .filter-bar { padding: .8rem 1rem; }
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .article-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .articles-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .issues-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .issues-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .connect-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .editors-note-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .board-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .hp-board-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .featured-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .featured-visual { display: none; }
  .about-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2.5rem; }
  .footer-main { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .pillars-header { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1.5rem; }
  .pillars-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .eic-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .eic-photo-wrap img { min-height: 360px; }
  .guidelines-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .submissions-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .contact-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .mission-hero h1 { font-size: 2.8rem; }
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .masthead { flex-direction: column; gap: 1rem; align-items: flex-start; }
  .masthead-actions { display: none; }
  .article-grid, .articles-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .footer-main { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .utility-bar .right { display: none; }
  .cta-band h2 { font-size: 2rem; }
  .pillars-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .issues-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .hp-board-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .member-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .mission-hero h1 { font-size: 2.1rem; }
  .mission-hero::after { font-size: 14rem; }
  .join-cta h2 { font-size: 1.8rem; }
  .mission-quote blockquote { font-size: 1.45rem; }
}